Development of low-loss lead-germanate glass for mid-infrared fiber optics: II. preform extrusion and fiber fabrication

For lead-germanate glass fibers, reducing the content of hydroxyl (OH) groups and the formation of metallic Pb species is essential to pave the way for their applications as low-loss mid-IR fiber optics since OH and metallic Pb species cause intense absorption and scattering loss, respectively, in the mid-IR spectral range. The first part of this study reported the optimization of the glass melting procedure to obtain low amount of OH while preventing formation of metallic Pb species in lead-germanate glass. Here, the second part of this study reports the investigation of the process conditions to fabricate low-loss lead-germanate glass fiber through further understanding of the co-effects of glass melting and heat treatment atmospheres on the formation of nano- and micron-scale metallic Pb species in both the as-produced and heat treated lead-germanate glasses. Finally, using this advance in knowledge, we successfully fabricated low-loss lead-germanate glass fibers with no presence of reduced metallic Pb particles by optimizing dehydration agent, glass melting, preform extrusion and fiber drawing conditions. The optimized fabrication conditions reduced the unstructured fiber loss by almost one order to <0.3 dB/m at 1.55 μm.     

Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Ameliorates Phenotype and Cognitive Abilities in a Murine Model of Niemann Pick Type C Disease

Niemann–Pick type C (NPC) disease is a rare autosomal recessive inherited childhood neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of cholesterol and glycosphingolipids, involving the autophagy-lysosome system. Inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), an enzyme that metabolizes epoxy fatty acids (EpFAs) to 12-diols, exerts beneficial effects in modulating inflammation and autophagy, critical features of the NPC disease. This study aims to evaluate the effects of UB-EV-52, an sEH inhibitor (sEHi), in an NPC mouse model (Npc) by administering it for 4 weeks (5 mg/kg/day). Behavioral and cognitive tests (open-field test (OF)), elevated plus maze (EPM), novel object recognition test (NORT) and object location test (OLT) demonstrated that the treatment produced an improvement in short- and long-term memory as well as in spatial memory. Furthermore, UB-EV-52 treatment increased body weight and lifespan by 25% and reduced gene expression of the inflammatory markers (i.e., Il-1β and Mcp1) and enhanced oxidative stress (OS) markers (iNOS and Hmox1) in the treated Npc mice group. As for autophagic markers, surprisingly, we found significantly reduced levels of LC3B-II/LC3B-I ratio and significantly reduced brain protein levels of lysosomal-associated membrane protein-1 (LAMP-1) in treated Npc mice group compared to untreated ones in hippocampal tissue. Lipid profile analysis showed a significant reduction of lipid storage in the liver and some slight changes in homogenated brain tissue in the treated NPC mice compared to the untreated groups. Therefore, our results suggest that pharmacological inhibition of sEH ameliorates most of the characteristic features of NPC mice, demonstrating that sEH can be considered a potential therapeutic target for this disease.     

Dynamic Oscillation via Negative Differential Resistance in Type III Junction Organic/Two-Dimensional and Oxide/Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Diodes

Among many of 2D semiconductor-based devices, type III PN junction diodes are given special attentions due to their unique function, negative differential resistance (NDR). However, it has been found uneasy to achieve well-matched type III PN junctions from 2D–2D van der Waals heterojunctions. Here, the authors present other alternatives of type III heterojunctions, using 2D p-MoTe₂/organic n-type dipyrazino[2,3-f:2′,3′-h]quinoxaline-2,3,6,7,10,11-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN) and 2D p-WSe₂/n-MoO_x systems. Those junction diodes appear to well-demonstrate static and dynamic NDR behavior via resonant tunneling and electron–hole recombination. Extended to an inverter circuit, p-MoTe₂/n-HAT-CN diode enables multilevel inverter characteristics as monolithically integrated with p-MoTe₂ channel field effect transistor. The same NDR diode shows dynamic LC oscillation behavior under a constant DC voltage, connected to an external inductor. From p-WSe₂/n-MoO_x oxide diode, similar NDR behavior to those of p-MoTe₂/n-HAT-CN is again observed along with LC oscillations. The authors attribute these visible oscillation results to high peak-to-valley current ratios of their organic or oxide/2D heterojunction diodes.     

Simultaneously enhancing mechanical and microwave absorption properties of Cf/SiC composites via SiC nanowires additions

C_f/SiC composite is an excellent structural and functional material, silicon carbide nanowires (SiCnws) are not only a toughening material but also a great application in the field of microwave absorption. In this study, SiCnws are grown on the surface of carbon fiber (C_f) by polymer impregnation and pyrolysis, and the SiC matrix was prepared by chemical vapor osmosis method. The SiCnws are introduced to enhance the mechanical and microwave absorption properties simultaneously. After 3 impregnations, the flexural strength of the composite was 107.35 ± 10 MPa. When the thickness is 1.86 mm, the minimum reflection loss value is ?41.08 dB, and the effective absorption bandwidth (RL ≤ ?10 dB) is 3.86 GHz. Furthermore, the microwave absorption mechanism of the material is discussed. This work provides a new method to prepare lightweight, stable and high-performance microwave absorption materials, and these materials are expected to be used in high temperature environments.     

基于时间延迟的多类型维修与经济生产批量联合优化研究

针对目前未能较好的综合考虑多维修类型与经济生产批量联合优化的问题，首先考虑多类型维修关系，基于时间延迟理论求出故障和缺陷次数的表达式；其次，在此基础上，综合考虑生产费用和维修费用的基础上，构建了多类型维修和经济生产批量联合优化模型，以单位时间内总费用最小为优化目标，获得最优检查间隔期和经济生产批量；最后，通过算例分析验证了模型的有效性，说明了第一类缺陷检查次数的多少对费用和经济生产批量影响不大。     

基于飞秒激光制备的光子晶体光纤Fabry-Perot温度传感器

提出并设计了一种基于飞秒激光在光子晶体光纤(photonic crystal fiber,PCF)中制备光纤法布里-珀罗(Fabry-Perot,F-P)传感器的方法。采用飞秒脉冲激光作为加工光源,结合放大倍率100×的物镜以及三维加工平台在PCF侧面采用逐线刻写方式进行加工。通过对飞秒激光光斑在光纤上的聚焦位置以及刻写功率进行优化,在PCF上刻写了深度均为80 μm、间隔为800 μm的两条划线,实现了周期为0.98 nm的全光纤F-P结构制备；实验中,对传感器在40~120 ℃温度范围内的光谱特性进行了测试与分析,每隔10 ℃进行一次数据采集,随着温度逐渐增加波长向长波方向漂移,通过对该采样点数据进行线性拟合,得到该测试点的波长温度灵敏度为9.73 pm/℃,拟合线性度为0.997。     

NanoPaint: A Tool for Rapid and Dynamic Imaging of Membrane Structural Plasticity at the Nanoscale

Single‐particle tracking with quantum dots (QDs) constitutes a powerful tool to track the nanoscopic dynamics of individual cell membrane components unveiling their membrane diffusion characteristics. Here, the nano‐resolved population dynamics of QDs is exploited to reconstruct the topography and structural changes of the cell membrane surface with high temporal and spatial resolution. For this proof‐of‐concept study, bright, small, and stable biofunctional QD nanoconstructs are utilized recognizing the endogenous neuronal cannabinoid receptor 1, a highly expressed and fast‐diffusing membrane protein, together with a commercial point‐localization microscope. Rapid QD diffusion on the axonal plasma membrane of cultured hippocampal neurons allows precise reconstruction of the membrane surface in less than 1 min with a spatial resolution of tens of nanometers. Access of the QD nanoconstructs to the synaptic cleft enables rapid 3D topological reconstruction of the entire presynaptic component. Successful reconstruction of membrane nano‐topology and deformation at the second time‐scale is also demonstrated for HEK293 cell filopodia and axons. Named “nanoPaint,” this super‐resolution imaging technique amenable to any endogenous transmembrane target represents a versatile platform to rapidly and accurately reconstruct the cell membrane nano‐topography, thereby enabling the study of the rapid dynamic phenomena involved in neuronal membrane plasticity.     

硅酸盐型胶磷矿单一反浮选工艺研究及工业化应用

云南某矿区产的硅酸盐型胶磷矿的SiO_2含量一般在30%以上,堆存数量巨大,使用常规的单一反浮选工艺难以达到要求的精矿指标,但是使用正反浮选工艺或者双反浮选工艺的生产成本又较高,经济效益不理想。从矿石的多元素分析发现,与CaO∶P_2O_5大于1.79的碳酸型磷块岩配矿后使用单反浮选工艺可以获得合格的精矿指标。在此思路上,对两种矿石进行配合比、解离度、磨矿细度和药剂制度的探索研究。当配合比为1∶3,磨矿细度为92%,药剂制度为抑制剂1.5kg/t、调整剂18kg/t、捕收剂3.0kg/t的情况下,最终可以获得P_2O_5品位为28.89%,MgO品位为0.91%,产率62.73%,回收率85.24%的精矿指标。     

碳纤维/乙烯基酯树脂复合材料拉伸性能研究

研究了碳纤维进行氧化处理、铺层形式,以及紫外光照射和不同溶液介质浸泡处理等,对碳纤维/乙烯基酯树脂复合材料拉伸性能的影响。结果表明:碳纤维最佳氧化工艺为浓硝酸氧化1 h,空气氧化温度250℃,空气氧化30 min。碳纤维最佳铺层设计为[0°,0°,45°]2s。随紫外光照射时间增加,复合材料拉伸强度呈先增后降趋势,120 h时达最大值。溶液介质浸泡会降低复合材料的拉伸强度。温度相同溶液介质不同时,复合材料在NaOH溶液中拉伸强度降低程度最大,温度提高会加速复合材料失效老化。     

湿法氧化锌种类和用量对天然橡胶性能的影响

研究湿法氧化锌种类和用量对天然橡胶(NR)性能的影响。结果表明:与添加普通氧化锌的胶料相比,对于未填充炭黑NR体系,减半用量的湿法氧化锌混炼胶的焦烧时间和t90较短,Fmax较大;硫化胶的定伸应力、拉伸强度和剪切模量(G′)较大,拉断伸长率、损耗模量(G″)和损耗因子(tanδ)较小。对于填充炭黑NR体系,减半用量的湿法氧化锌混炼胶的门尼粘度、G′和G″较大,tanδ较小,焦烧时间和t90较短,Fmax较大;硫化胶的密度稍低,硬度和定伸应力较大,耐老化性能较好,玻璃化温度较低,tanδ较小,其他物理性能变化不大。湿法氧化锌FF的性能优于湿法氧化锌HR。